中(zhong)央(yang)空調工程風(feng)機盤管吊頂漏水是常見的一個(ge)問(wen)題(ti)，今天(tian)，菱旭(xu)空調給大(da)家(jia)說說要如何解決這個(ge)問(wen)題(ti)。
1、保溫材料(liao)的選擇及施工
風(feng)機(ji)盤(pan)管系(xi)統是由(you)冷(leng)水(shui)主機(ji)供(gong)給(gei)冷(leng)凍水(shui)，水(shui)溫通常只有8℃左右，所(suo)以(yi)其冷(leng)凍水(shui)的(de)供(gong)、回水(shui)管，冷(leng)凝管和凝水(shui)盤(pan)的(de)溫度都比較低(di)，在(zai)夏季容易出(chu)現結露，必須進(jin)行保(bao)(bao)溫，而(er)且對保(bao)(bao)溫的(de)要(yao)求也比較高(gao)。但由(you)于(yu)保(bao)(bao)溫材料和施工(gong)的(de)原(yuan)因(yin)，未(wei)(wei)能將保(bao)(bao)溫材料緊(jin)貼在(zai)管壁或管件上(shang)，以(yi)致保(bao)(bao)溫材料與(yu)管壁之(zhi)間存在(zai)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)孔(kong)隙，當(dang)空(kong)氣(qi)進(jin)入(ru)孔(kong)隙中(zhong)碰到(dao)低(di)溫管壁時，便產生凝結水(shui)，凝結水(shui)越積越多，就會(hui)滲出(chu)，弄(nong)濕(shi)吊頂。例：因(yin)采用玻(bo)璃棉管殼(ke)保(bao)(bao)溫，在(zai)閥門等不規則管件上(shang)不易將之(zhi)緊(jin)貼，管件表(biao)面產生凝結水(shui)并吸入(ru)管殼(ke)內，整個玻(bo)璃棉管殼(ke)吸足水(shui)后冷(leng)凝水(shui)滴出(chu)，弄(nong)濕(shi)吊頂。還有的(de)工(gong)程是凝水(shui)盤(pan)未(wei)(wei)做保(bao)(bao)溫，從(cong)而(er)在(zai)凝水(shui)盤(pan)下形成二次(ci)凝水(shui)，浸(jin)濕(shi)吊頂。
隨著建(jian)筑物檔次的(de)(de)提高，許多建(jian)筑物的(de)(de)空調(diao)水(shui)系(xi)統(tong)采用橡塑保(bao)溫材(cai)料。此種材(cai)料在材(cai)料結構(gou)、導熱(re)系(xi)數、表(biao)面(mian)放(fang)熱(re)系(xi)數、抗水(shui)汽(qi)滲(shen)透系(xi)數上具有很(hen)大(da)的(de)(de)優(you)越性，尤其是(shi)其在施工性能上大(da)大(da)優(you)于玻(bo)璃棉(mian)，特別適合(he)于不規則形狀管道(dao)管件和閥(fa)門(men)的(de)(de)保(bao)溫，大(da)大(da)降低了因中央空調(diao)工程施工原因造成的(de)(de)凝結水(shui)滴落現(xian)象。
2、冷凝管的設置
現在(zai)由于許多(duo)(duo)建(jian)(jian)筑開(kai)發商對建(jian)(jian)筑經濟性或特殊(shu)用途(tu)的(de)(de)需要，建(jian)(jian)筑物的(de)(de)層(ceng)高普遍較低，導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)吊(diao)頂內的(de)(de)空間更為狹小(xiao)，對風(feng)(feng)機(ji)盤管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)布置(zhi)極為不利。風(feng)(feng)機(ji)盤管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)凝(ning)結水(shui)(shui)(shui)排放是靠冷(leng)凝(ning)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)坡(po)度來(lai)實(shi)現的(de)(de)。當吊(diao)頂內空間較小(xiao)導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)冷(leng)凝(ning)管(guan)(guan)坡(po)度不夠，甚(shen)至有(you)時由于施(shi)工(gong)人員的(de)(de)疏忽導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)無坡(po)或反坡(po)時，就會導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)冷(leng)凝(ning)水(shui)(shui)(shui)排水(shui)(shui)(shui)不暢，聚在(zai)滴水(shui)(shui)(shui)盤中，積水(shui)(shui)(shui)過(guo)多(duo)(duo)后(hou)溢(yi)出，導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)浸濕吊(diao)頂。所以在(zai)中央空調工(gong)程設計和施(shi)工(gong)中，要確保風(feng)(feng)機(ji)盤管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)冷(leng)凝(ning)管(guan)(guan)有(you)足夠坡(po)度。
例(li)某綜合樓(lou)，由于營業(ye)需(xu)要，在首層與二(er)層間(jian)設(she)置了(le)一個夾層，造成首層、夾層層高極(ji)低，無法滿足(zu)風機盤(pan)管(guan)(guan)系統冷(leng)(leng)凝(ning)水(shui)(shui)的(de)集中(zhong)(zhong)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放要求(無法保(bao)證坡度)。在施(shi)工(gong)和設(she)計中(zhong)(zhong)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)了(le)就近設(she)置立管(guan)(guan)排(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)的(de)措施(shi)，即2～3個盤(pan)管(guan)(guan)合用(yong)一個排(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)立管(guan)(guan)，直接排(pai)(pai)(pai)入(ru)地下室排(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)溝(gou)。此(ci)外，在施(shi)工(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)些施(shi)工(gong)單位為(wei)圖方便(bian)快(kuai)捷采(cai)(cai)用(yong)聚氯(lv)乙烯軟管(guan)(guan)作為(wei)冷(leng)(leng)凝(ning)管(guan)(guan)，在管(guan)(guan)路(lu)較長時由于剛度不夠而無法保(bao)證排(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)坡度。故一般應采(cai)(cai)用(yong)鍍鋅鋼管(guan)(guan)，在2、冷(leng)(leng)凝(ning)管(guan)(guan)的(de)設(she)置
現(xian)在(zai)(zai)由于許多建(jian)筑(zhu)開發商對(dui)建(jian)筑(zhu)經濟(ji)性或特殊用途的(de)(de)需(xu)要，建(jian)筑(zhu)物的(de)(de)層高普遍(bian)較(jiao)低(di)，導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)吊(diao)頂內的(de)(de)空(kong)間更為狹(xia)小，對(dui)風(feng)機(ji)(ji)盤(pan)(pan)管的(de)(de)風(feng)管、水(shui)管的(de)(de)布置極為不利。風(feng)機(ji)(ji)盤(pan)(pan)管的(de)(de)凝(ning)結水(shui)排放是(shi)靠冷(leng)(leng)(leng)凝(ning)管的(de)(de)坡(po)度(du)來實現(xian)的(de)(de)。當吊(diao)頂內空(kong)間較(jiao)小導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)凝(ning)管坡(po)度(du)不夠，甚(shen)至(zhi)有(you)時由于施(shi)工(gong)人員的(de)(de)疏忽導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)無坡(po)或反坡(po)時，就會導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)凝(ning)水(shui)排水(shui)不暢，聚在(zai)(zai)滴水(shui)盤(pan)(pan)中，積(ji)水(shui)過(guo)多后溢(yi)出，導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)浸濕吊(diao)頂。所以在(zai)(zai)中央空(kong)調工(gong)程設(she)計和施(shi)工(gong)中，要確保風(feng)機(ji)(ji)盤(pan)(pan)管的(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)凝(ning)管有(you)足(zu)夠坡(po)度(du)。
例(li)某綜(zong)合樓，由(you)于營(ying)業需要，在(zai)(zai)首(shou)層(ceng)與二層(ceng)間設(she)置了一(yi)個(ge)(ge)夾層(ceng)，造成首(shou)層(ceng)、夾層(ceng)層(ceng)高(gao)極(ji)低，無(wu)法滿足風機(ji)盤(pan)管(guan)(guan)系統(tong)冷凝(ning)(ning)水的集中(zhong)排(pai)(pai)放要求(無(wu)法保證坡度(du))。在(zai)(zai)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)和(he)設(she)計(ji)中(zhong)采用(yong)了就近設(she)置立管(guan)(guan)排(pai)(pai)水的措施(shi)，即2～3個(ge)(ge)盤(pan)管(guan)(guan)合用(yong)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)排(pai)(pai)水立管(guan)(guan)，直接排(pai)(pai)入地下室(shi)排(pai)(pai)水溝。此外，在(zai)(zai)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)有些施(shi)工(gong)(gong)單位為圖(tu)方便快捷采用(yong)聚氯乙烯軟(ruan)管(guan)(guan)作為冷凝(ning)(ning)管(guan)(guan)，在(zai)(zai)管(guan)(guan)路較長時(shi)由(you)于剛度(du)不夠而無(wu)法保證排(pai)(pai)水坡度(du)。故一(yi)般(ban)應采用(yong)鍍鋅鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)，在(zai)(zai)與凝(ning)(ning)水盤(pan)相連(lian)部(bu)分(fen)采用(yong)波(bo)紋管(guan)(guan)連(lian)接。
由于冷(leng)凝(ning)水(shui)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)是一個(ge)無壓系(xi)統(tong)(tong)，所以冷(leng)凝(ning)管(guan)(guan)的管(guan)(guan)徑(jing)(jing)大(da)小(xiao)(xiao)對冷(leng)凝(ning)水(shui)的排(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)有重要(yao)影(ying)響(xiang)，若冷(leng)凝(ning)管(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)徑(jing)(jing)過小(xiao)(xiao)，會導致(zhi)沿程阻(zu)力(li)增大(da)使(shi)冷(leng)凝(ning)水(shui)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)不(bu)暢，若管(guan)(guan)徑(jing)(jing)過大(da)又會浪費材料。一般在設計(ji)過程中(zhong)，設計(ji)人員會依據設計(ji)手冊中(zhong)列出的冷(leng)凝(ning)管(guan)(guan)徑(jing)(jing)與風機盤(pan)管(guan)(guan)負荷間(jian)的對應(ying)關系(xi)來(lai)確定冷(leng)凝(ning)管(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)徑(jing)(jing)。在實際施工中(zhong)須(xu)加強監理(li)工作，防止施工單位不(bu)按施工圖(tu)要(yao)求以小(xiao)(xiao)管(guan)(guan)徑(jing)(jing)的鍍鋅鋼管(guan)(guan)來(lai)替代，導致(zhi)日(ri)后(hou)使(shi)用(yong)中(zhong)冷(leng)凝(ning)水(shui)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)不(bu)暢。
3、其他原因(yin)
在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)央空(kong)調工(gong)程施工(gong)中(zhong)為了風(feng)機(ji)盤(pan)(pan)管(guan)(guan)的(de)檢修(xiu)方便，通常在(zai)(zai)冷凍水進出盤(pan)(pan)管(guan)(guan)的(de)管(guan)(guan)路(lu)上設置截(jie)止(zhi)(zhi)閥(fa)，在(zai)(zai)進水管(guan)(guan)上還要設置過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)器以防(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)污物進入(ru)盤(pan)(pan)管(guan)(guan)。但在(zai)(zai)實(shi)際運行過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)，有些截(jie)止(zhi)(zhi)閥(fa)由(you)于(yu)質量(liang)問題(ti)，在(zai)(zai)閥(fa)芯處出現漏水現象，或(huo)是由(you)于(yu)截(jie)止(zhi)(zhi)閥(fa)和(he)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)器保(bao)溫不好導(dao)致(zhi)冷凝(ning)水產生。所以在(zai)(zai)選擇(ze)(ze)截(jie)止(zhi)(zhi)閥(fa)時，在(zai)(zai)投(tou)資允許的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)，可以選擇(ze)(ze)一些較(jiao)高檔次的(de)進口產品或(huo)者在(zai)(zai)定購風(feng)機(ji)盤(pan)(pan)管(guan)(guan)時，向廠家提出加(jia)長(chang)凝(ning)水盤(pan)(pan)的(de)要求，因為截(jie)止(zhi)(zhi)閥(fa)和(he)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)器都是在(zai)(zai)風(feng)機(ji)盤(pan)(pan)管(guan)(guan)邊上，使凝(ning)水盤(pan)(pan)適當加(jia)長(chang)延伸至(zhi)截(jie)止(zhi)(zhi)閥(fa)和(he)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)器下(xia)也(ye)切實(shi)有效。
在(zai)(zai)使(shi)用(yong)過(guo)程中(zhong)，曾經發現由于凝(ning)(ning)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)的排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)口堵(du)塞(sai)而(er)造成冷凝(ning)(ning)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)外溢，其原因是(shi)因為風機盤(pan)(pan)(pan)管(guan)(guan)多是(shi)在(zai)(zai)濕(shi)工況下工作(zuo)，盤(pan)(pan)(pan)管(guan)(guan)表(biao)面常常沾滿(man)灰塵(chen)(chen)。若維(wei)護人員沒有及時清洗，就會(hui)使(shi)這(zhe)些灰塵(chen)(chen)或一些細(xi)小纖(xian)維(wei)狀(zhuang)物質被凝(ning)(ning)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)沖下，沉積在(zai)(zai)凝(ning)(ning)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)中(zhong)，凝(ning)(ning)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)中(zhong)的潮濕(shi)環境常常導致細(xi)菌(jun)繁(fan)殖產生膠狀(zhuang)污物，從而(er)堵(du)塞(sai)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)口。所以應定(ding)期(qi)對風機盤(pan)(pan)(pan)管(guan)(guan)進(jin)行檢查清洗，以保證(zheng)凝(ning)(ning)結水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)排(pai)放暢通。
施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質量也是一個重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)原(yuan)因。許多(duo)中(zhong)(zhong)央空調工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)設計都是嚴格按照設計規(gui)范、手冊來進行的(de)，但在(zai)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)個別施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)位偷(tou)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)減料(liao)，有(you)些現(xian)場施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)員甚至未經過(guo)(guo)專(zhuan)門的(de)安裝(zhuang)培(pei)訓就(jiu)上(shang)崗操作，導致在(zai)運(yun)行過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)出現(xian)了這樣那樣的(de)問題。所以施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)位要(yao)(yao)對施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)員進行必要(yao)(yao)的(de)上(shang)崗培(pei)訓，施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)加(jia)強監理力度，杜絕(jue)一切偷(tou)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)減料(liao)或錯誤(wu)操作的(de)現(xian)象發(fa)生。
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